Duniya bhar ke scientists ne obesity ko define karne ka tareeqa badalne ki tajweez di hai. Ab sirf BMI (Body Mass Index) par rely karna kafi nahi hai. BMI sirf weight aur height ke ratio par mabni hai, lekin ye health ka poora picture nahi batata. Dr. Robert Kushner ke mutabiq, BMI ki wajah se kai log misdiagnosis ka shikar hote hain. Kuch log muscular aur stocky hote hain, jinka weight high hota hai lekin health bilkul theek hoti hai. Wahi kuch log jinme muscle kam aur belly fat zyada hai, unka BMI normal ho sakta hai, lekin metabolic disease ka risk zyada hota hai.
Obesity Ka Naya Maqsad: Body Fat
Ab obesity ko “excess body fat” ke basis par measure karne ki tajweez di gayi hai. Is ke liye waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, ya waist-to-height ratio use ki ja sakti hai. Agar available ho to DEXA scan jaise tools se direct body fat measure karna bhi mumkin hai.
“Fat jo belly mein hota hai, wo systemic inflammation create karta hai aur diabetes, heart disease aur blood pressure jaise problems ka sabab banta hai,” Dr. Kushner kehte hain.
Obesity Ke Naye Categories
Commission ne obesity ke do nayi categories propose ki hain:
- Clinical Obesity: Jin logon ko obesity ki wajah se chronic disease hai.
- Pre-Clinical Obesity: Jin logon ke body fat levels ke sabab future mein health risk zyada hai.
Dr. Francesco Rubino kehte hain, “Ye approach personalized care ko enable karta hai aur obesity ki nuanced reality ko samajhne mein madad karta hai.”
Age Ke Sath Body Composition Mein Farq
Nayi research ke mutabiq, older adults mein body composition ka redistribution hota hai — matlab fat aur muscle ka distribution change hota hai, lekin BMI change nahi hota. Middle aur older age groups mein:
- Trunk (abdomen) fat zyada hota hai
- Arms aur legs ki muscle mass kam hoti hai
Iska matlab hai ke BMI ke basis par sirf weight dekhna misleading hai, kyun ke age ke saath fat aur muscle ka pattern change hota hai.
Naye Tools Ki Zarurat
Experts recommend karte hain ke simple aur accessible tools use kiye jayein jaise:
- Waist-to-height ratio
- Handgrip test (muscle strength measure)
- Muscle mass measurement
Ye tools obesity ko zyada accurately assess karne aur metabolic disease risk ko predict karne mein madadgar honge.
Global Obesity Trend
World Health Organization ke mutabiq, duniya bhar mein 1 billion se zyada log obesity ke shikar hain. World Obesity Federation ka estimate hai ke 2035 tak obesity ka economic impact $4 trillion se zyada hoga.
Nateeja
BMI ab sirf ek rough estimate hai. Future mein body fat aur muscle distribution ko samajhna aur measure karna zyada important hai. Ye approach personalized treatment aur accurate risk assessment ko enable karegi, aur metabolic diseases se bachao mein madadgar sabit hogi.